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LaTeX syntax

\label{CAPA_LON-CAPA_function_diffs} \begin{longtable}{|p{5cm}|p{6.5cm}|p{5.5cm}|} \hline \textbf{CAPA Functions } &\textbf{LON-CAPA } &\textbf{Differences (if any) } \endhead \hline sin(x), cos(x), tan(x) & \&sin(\$x), \&cos(\$x), \&tan(\$x) & \\ \hline asin(x), acos(x), atan(x), atan2(y,x) & \&asin(\$x), \&acos(\$x), \&atan(\$x), \&atan2(\$y,\$x) & \\ \hline log(x), log10(x) & \&log(\$x), \&log10(\$x) & \\ \hline exp(x), pow(x,y), sqrt(x) & \&exp(\$x), \&pow(\$x,\$y), \&sqrt(\$x) & \\ \hline abs(x), sgn(x) & \&abs(\$x), \&sgn(\$x) & \\ \hline erf(x), erfc(x) & \&erf(\$x), \&erfc(\$x) & \\ \hline ceil(x), floor(x) & \&ceil(\$x), \&floor(\$x) & \\ \hline min(...), max(...) & \&min(...), \&max(...) & \\ \hline factorial(n) & \&factorial(\$n) & \\ \hline N\%M & \$N\%\$M & \\ \hline sinh(x), cosh(x), tanh(x) & \&sinh(\$x), \&cosh(\$x), \&tanh(\$x) & \\ \hline asinh(x), acosh(x), atanh(x) & \&asinh(\$x), \&acosh(\$x), \&atanh(\$x) & \\ \hline /DIS(\$x,''nn'') & \&format(\$x,'nn') & The difference is obvious. \\ \hline Not in CAPA & \&prettyprint(\$x,'nn','optional target') & \\ \hline Not in CAPA & \&dollarformat(\$x,'optional target') & \\ \hline Not in CAPA & \&languages(@desired\_languages) & \\ \hline roundto(x,n) & \&roundto(\$x,\$n) & \\ \hline Not in CAPA & \&cas(\$s,\$e) & \\ \hline Not in CAPA & \&implicit\_multiplication(\$f) & \\ \hline web(``a'',''b'',''c'') or web(a,b,c) & \&web(``a'',''b'',''c'') or \&web(\$a,\$b,\$c) & \\ \hline html(``a'') or html(a) & \&html(``a'') or \&html(\$a) & \\ \hline jn(m,x) & \&j0(\$x), \&j1(\$x), \&jn(\$m,\$x), \&jv(\$y,\$x) & In CAPA, j0, j1 and jn are contained in one function, jn(m,x) where m takes the value of 0, 1 or 2. jv(y,x) is new to LON-CAPA. \\ \hline yn(m,x) & \&y0(\$x), \&y1(\$x), \&yn(\$m,\$x), \&yv(\$y,\$x) & In CAPA, y0, y1 and yn are contained in one function, yn(m,x) where m takes the value of 0, 1 or 2. yv(y,x) is new to LON-CAPA. \\ \hline random(l,u,d) & \&random(\$l,\$u,\$d) & In CAPA, all the 3 arguments must be of the same type. However, now you can mix the type \\ \hline choose(i,...) & \&choose(\$i,...) & \\ \hline /MAP(seed;w,x,y,z;a,b,c,d) & \parbox{6.49cm}{ Option 1 - \&map(\$seed,[$\backslash$\$w,$\backslash$\$x,$\backslash$\$y,$\backslash$\$z],[\$a,\$b,\$c,\$d]) or \\ Option 2 - \&map(\$seed,$\backslash$@mappedArray,[\$a,\$b,\$c,\$d]) \\ Option 3 - @mappedArray = \&map(\$seed,[\$a,\$b,\$c,\$d]) \\ Option 4 - (\$w,\$x,\$y,\$z) = \&map(\$seed,$\backslash$@a) \\ where \$a='A'\\ \$b='B'\\ \$c='B'\\ \$d='B'\\ \$w, \$x, \$y, and \$z are variables } & In CAPA, the arguments are divided into three groups separated by a semicolon ;. In LON-CAPA, the separation is done by using [] brackets or using an array @a. Note the backslash ($\backslash$) before the arguments in the second and third groups. \\ \hline rmap(seed;a,b,c,d;w,x,y,z) & \parbox{6.49cm}{Option 1 - \&rmap(\$seed,[$\backslash$\$w,$\backslash$\$x,$\backslash$\$y,$\backslash$\$z],[\$a,\$b,\$c,\$d]) or \\ Option 2 - \&rmap(\$seed,$\backslash$@rmappedArray,[\$a,\$b,\$c,\$d]) \\ Option 3 - @rmapped\_array = \&rmap(\$seed,[\$a,\$b,\$c,\$d]) \\ Option 4 - (\$w,\$x,\$y,\$z) = \&rmap(\$seed,$\backslash$@a) \\ where \$a='A'\\ \$b='B'\\ \$c='B'\\ \$d='B'\\ \$w, \$x, \$y, and \$z are variables } & In CAPA, the arguments are divided into three groups separated by a semicolon ;. In LON-CAPA, the separation is done by using [] brackets (with create an unamed vector reference) or using an array @a. Note the backslash ($\backslash$) before the arguments in the second and third groups (Which cause Perl to send to variable locations rather than the variable values, similar to a C pointer). \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & \$a=\&xmlparse(\$string) & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline tex(a,b), tex(``a'',''b'') & \&tex(\$a,\$b), \&tex(``a'',''b'') & \\ \hline var\_in\_tex(a) & \&var\_in\_tex(\$a) & \\ \hline to\_string(x), to\_string(x,y) & \&to\_string(\$x), \&to\_string(\$x,\$y) & \\ \hline capa\_id(), class(), section(), set(), problem() & \&class(), \&section() & capa\_id(), set() and problem() are no longer used. Currently, they return a null value. \\ \hline name(), student\_number() & \&name(), \&student\_number() & \\ \hline open\_date(), due\_date(), answer\_date() & \&open\_date(), \&due\_date(), \&answer\_date() & Output format for time is changed slightly. If pass noon, it displays ..pm else it displays ..am. So 23:59 is displayed as 11:59 pm. \\ \hline get\_seed(), set\_seed() & Not implemented & \\ \hline sub\_string(a,b,c) & \&sub\_string(\$a,\$b,\$c) perl substr function. However, note the differences & Perl intrinsic function, substr(string,b,c) starts counting from 0 (as opposed to 1). In the example to the left, substr(\$a,4,4) returns ``ome ``. \\ \hline array[xx] & @arrayname Array is intrinsic in perl. To access a specific element use \$arrayname[\$n] where \$n is the \$n+1 element since the array count starts from 0 & In LON-CAPA, an array is defined by @arrayname. It is not necessary to specify the dimension of the array. \\ \hline array\_moments(B,A) & @B=\&array\_moments(@A) & In CAPA, the moments are passed as an array in the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA, the array containing the moments are set equal to the function. \\ \hline array\_max(Name), array\_min(Name) & \&min(@Name), \&max(@Name) & Combined with the min and max functions defined earlier. \\ \hline init\_array(Name) & undef @name & Use perl intrinsic undef function. \\ \hline random\_normal (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,av,std\_dev) & @return\_array=\&random\_normal (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$av,\$std\_dev) & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline random\_beta (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,aa,bb) & @return\_array=\&random\_beta (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$aa,\$bb) NOTE: Both \$aa and \$bb MUST be greater than 1.0E-37. & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline random\_gamma (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,a,r) & @return\_array=\&random\_gamma (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$a,\$r) NOTE: Both \$a and \$r MUST be positive. & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline random\_exponential (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,av) & @return\_array=\&random\_exponential (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$av) NOTE: \$av MUST be non-negative. & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline random\_poisson (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,mu) & @return\_array=\&random\_poisson (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$mu) NOTE: \$mu MUST be non-negative. & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline random\_chi (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,df) & @return\_array=\&random\_chi (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$df) NOTE: \$df MUST be positive. & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline random\_noncentral\_chi (return\_array,item\_cnt,seed,df,nonc) & @return\_array=\&random\_noncentral\_chi (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$df,\$nonc) NOTE: \$df MUST be at least 1 and \$nonc MUST be non-negative. & In CAPA the results are passed as the first argument whereas in LON-CAPA the results are set equal to the function. \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_f (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$dfn,\$dfd) NOTE: Both \$dfn and \$dfd MUST be positive. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_noncentral\_f (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$dfn,\$dfd,\$nonc) NOTE: \$dfn must be at least 1, \$dfd MUST be positive, and \$nonc must be non-negative. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT DOCUMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_multivariate\_normal (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,$\backslash$@mean,$\backslash$@covar) NOTE: @mean should be of length p array of real numbers. @covar should be a length p array of references to length p arrays of real numbers (i.e. a p by p matrix. & Note the backslash before the @mean and @covar arrays. \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_multinomial (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,@p) NOTE: \$item\_cnt is rounded with int() and the result must be non-negative. The number of elements in @p must be at least 2. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_permutation (\$seed,@array) & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_uniform (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$low,\$high) NOTE: \$low must be less than or equal to \$high. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_uniform\_integer (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$low,\$high) NOTE: \$low and \$high are both passed through int(). \$low must be less than or equal to \$high. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_binomial (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$nt,\$p) NOTE: \$nt is rounded using int() and the result must be non-negative. \$p must be between 0 and 1 inclusive. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline NOT IMPLEMENTED IN CAPA & @return\_array=\&random\_negative\_binomial (\$item\_cnt,\$seed,\$ne,\$p) NOTE: \$ne is rounded using int() and the result must be positive. \$p must be between 0 and 1 exclusive. & New to LON-CAPA \\ \hline \end{longtable}